How Peyote Became a Teacher
Before recorded history — the origin of the peyote ceremonial tradition · The Chihuahuan desert and the Rio Grande valley — the natural range of peyote
Contents
A woman lost in the desert is dying when a small cactus speaks to her, guides her to water and home, and reveals itself as a divine teacher who will bring healing and vision to the people — and in the morning she carries the peyote buttons back to her village.
- When
- Before recorded history — the origin of the peyote ceremonial tradition
- Where
- The Chihuahuan desert and the Rio Grande valley — the natural range of peyote
She has been walking for three days.
She went out with the other women to gather and became separated in the arroyo country, where the dry channels cut the land into a maze of walls and dead ends and the landmarks become invisible. She is out of water. The desert is huge and indifferent and she can see from the way the light is moving that she will not survive another night without direction.
She sits down on the ground.
She is not giving up — she is too tired to walk further, and sitting down is what a person does when the body has made its decision before the mind has caught up. She sits in the silence of the desert in the afternoon.
Then she hears something.
It is very quiet. It is coming from the ground near her knee, from a small low cactus with white tufts on its green buttons, the kind that grows in this desert and that she has walked past a hundred times without paying attention. It is speaking, or it is not quite speaking — it is communicating in a way that bypasses words and arrives in the part of her that knows things before they are said.
It says: drink water from the cactus. It says: follow the deer trail east. It says: I will give you something to carry.
She cuts open the cactus and drinks the liquid inside. She follows the deer trail east and finds the spring where deer come to drink. She is no longer lost.
She carries back what the cactus told her to carry: the buttons, the small round crowns of the peyote plant, carefully harvested and wrapped in cloth.
The old man who receives them knows what they are.
He has heard of this plant from traders who came from the south, from the old people whose medicine knowledge runs through the whole continent. He calls the people together and he prays over the buttons and they eat them together through the night, and through the night they receive the teaching that the plant carries.
The teaching is different for each person — this is the nature of the teacher.
For some it is healing: the body’s illness becomes visible and addressable, the source of the pain revealed in a way that allows release. For some it is vision: the structure of the world made briefly transparent, the relationships between things visible in the way you see the veins of a leaf against the light. For some it is simply presence: the overwhelming sense of being held, being known, being part of something that is not indifferent.
By morning they know the songs to sing. They know the way to build the altar. They know that this teacher requires respect and preparation and the right intention — that what it gives is proportional to what you bring.
The Native American Church that carries this tradition today holds its all-night ceremonies in a tipi around a crescent earth altar, with a central fire and a water drum and gourd rattle, singing through the night from sundown to sunrise. The theology is simple: Grandfather Peyote is a teacher and healer who has been given to the people by the Creator for exactly this purpose.
The woman who was lost in the desert and was found is in every ceremony that is performed.
Her finding is the ceremony.
Echoes Across Traditions
Entities
- the lost woman
- Grandfather Peyote
- the deer who first showed the way
- the old man who receives the teaching
Sources
- Omer Stewart, *Peyote Religion: A History* (University of Oklahoma Press, 1987)
- Huston Smith and Reuben Snake, *One Nation Under God: The Triumph of the Native American Church* (Clear Light, 1996)
- James Mooney, *The Ghost-Dance Religion and the Sioux Outbreak of 1890* (Bureau of American Ethnology, 1896)